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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 118(1): 14-21, jan. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360123

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento A fetuína-A é um fator anti-inflamatório e anticalcificação envolvido no curso da doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Em alinhamento com essas funções, investigou-se a fetuína-A como marcador de risco cardiovascular em vários estudos. Porém, a associação entre a fetuína-A e o prognóstico dos pacientes com DAC ainda é controversa. Objetivos O presente estudo foi conduzido para identificar a associação entre o nível de fetuína-A sérica e doença cardiovascular (DCV) de longo prazo e a mortalidade global por infarto do agudo do miocárdio por supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (STEMI). Métodos Foram cadastrados no estudo cento e oitenta pacientes consecutivos com STEMI. A população do estudo foi dividida em subgrupos (mais baixo, ≤288 µg/ml; e mais alto, >288 µg/ml) de acordo com a mediana do nível de fetuína-A. Dados de acompanhamento clínico foram obtidos por contato telefônico anual com pacientes ou familiares. As causas das mortes também foram confirmadas pelo banco de dados de saúde nacional. P-valores bilaterais <0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados Durante um acompanhamento médio de 10 anos, foram registradas 71 mortes, das quais 62 foram devidas a DCV. Identificou-se um índice de mortalidade global e por DCV significativamente mais alto no grupo com nível de fetuína-A mais baixo que no grupo com nível de fetuína-A mais alto (44% versus 24%, p= 0,005; 48% versus 31%, p= 0,022, respectivamente). Nas análises de risco proporcionais por regressão de Cox, detectou-se que a fetuína-A era um preditor independente de mortalidade global e por DCV. Conclusões A baixa concentração de fetuína-A está associada ao prognóstico de longo prazo ruim pós-STEMI, independentemente de fatores de risco cardiovascular tradicionais. Nossos achados fortaleceram estudos prévios demonstrando consistentemente o papel determinante dos mediadores anti-inflamatórios em síndromes coronárias agudas.


Abstract Background Fetuin-A is an anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification factor involved in the course of coronary artery disease (CAD). In line with these functions, fetuin-A has been investigated as a cardiovascular risk marker in many studies. However, the association between fetuin-A and the prognosis of CAD patients is still controversial. Objectives The present study was conducted to identify the association between serum fetuin-A level and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality of ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods One hundred eigthy consecutive patients with STEMI were enrolled in the study. The study population was divided into subgroups (lower, ≤288 µg/ml; and higher, >288 µg/ml) according to the median fetuin-A level. Clinical follow-up data was obtained by annual contact with the patients or family members by telephone. The causes of death were also confirmed by the national health database. Two-sided p-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results During a median follow-up of 10 years, 71 deaths were recorded , 62 of whom died from CVD. Both CVD and all-cause mortality were found to be significantly higher in the lower fetuin-A group than the higher fetuin-A group (44% vs 24%, p= 0.005; 48% vs 31%, p= 0.022, respectively). In Cox regression proportional hazard analyses, fetuin-A was found to be an independent predictor of CVD and all-cause mortality. Conclusions Low fetuin-A concentration is associated with a poor long-term prognosis after STEMI, regardless of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings have strengthened previous studies that consistently demonstrate the determining role of anti-inflammatory mediators in acute coronary syndromes.


Subject(s)
Humans , alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/analysis , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/mortality , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/blood , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 111(2): 193-202, Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-950218

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Balloon post-dilatation (BPD) is often needed for optimizing transcatheter heart valve (THV) implantation, since paravalvular leak (PVL) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation is associated with poor outcome and mortality. Quantitative assessment of PVL severity before and after BPD is mandatory to properly assess PVL, thus improving implantation results and outcomes. Objective: To investigate a quantitative angiographic assessment of aortic regurgitation (AR) by videodensitometry before and after BPD. Methods: Videodensitometric-AR assessments (VD-AR) before and after BPD were analysed in 61 cases. Results: VD-AR decreased significantly from 24.0[18.0-30.5]% to 12.0[5.5-19.0]% (p < 0.001, a two-tailed p < 0.05 defined the statistical significance). The relative delta of VD-AR after BPD ranged from -100% (improvement) to +40% (deterioration) and its median value was -46.2%. The frequency of improvement, no change, and deterioration were 70% (n = 43), 25% (n = 15) and 5% (n = 3), respectively. Significant AR (VD-AR > 17%) was observed in 47 patients (77%) before and in 19 patients (31%) after BPD. Conclusions: VD-AR after THV implantation provides a quantitative assessment of post-TAVI regurgitation and can help in the decision-making process on performing BPD and in determining its efficacy.


Resumo Fundamento: A pós-dilatação com balão (PDB) é normalmente necessária para otimização do implante da válvula cardíaca transcateter (THV), uma vez que o "escape" ou leak paravalvar (PVL) após implante de valva aórtica transcateter está associada com desfecho ruim e mortalidade. A avaliação quantitativa da gravidade do PVL antes e após a PDB é mandatória para se avaliar adequadamente o PVL e, assim, melhorar os resultados e os desfechos do implante. Objetivo: Investigar uma avalição angiográfica quantitativa da regurgitação aórtica (RA) por videodensitometria (VD-RA) antes e após a PDB. Métodos: Resultados da VD-RA antes e após a PDB foram analisados em 61 casos. Resultados Houve diminuição significativa da VD-RA de 24,0(18,0-30,5)% para 12,0(5,5-19,0)% (p < 0,001; p < 0,05 bilateral foi definido como significância estatística). O delta relativo de VD-RA após a PDB variou de -100% (melhora) a +40% (piora) e o valor mediano foi -46,2%. As frequências de melhora, ausência de mudança, e piora foram 70% (n = 43), 25% (n = 15) e 5% (n = 3), respectivamente. Observou-se RA significativo (VD-RA > 17%) em 47 pacientes (77%) antes e em 19 pacientes (31%) após a PDB. Conclusões: A VD-RA após o implante de THV possibilita a avaliação quantitativa da regurgitação pós-TAVI, e pode auxiliar na tomada de decisão quanto à realização ou não da PDB, bem como na avaliação de sua eficácia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Video Recording , Severity of Illness Index , Aortography , Densitometry , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 107(4): 305-313, Oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827859

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in adults. Atrial stunning is defined as the temporary mechanical dysfunction of the atrial appendage developing after AF has returned to sinus rhythm (SR). Objectives: We aimed to evaluate atrial contractile functions by strain and strain rate in patients with AF, following pharmacological and electrical cardioversion and to compare it with conventional methods. Methods: This study included 41 patients with persistent AF and 35 age-matched control cases with SR. All the AF patients included in the study had transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography performed before and after. Septum (SEPsSR), left atrium (LAsSR) and right atrium peak systolic strain rate (RAsSR) were defined as the maximum negative value during atrial contraction and septum (SEPε), left atrium (LAε) and right atrium peak systolic strain (RAε) was defined as the percentage of change. Parameters of two groups were compared. Results: In the AF group, 1st hour and 24th hour LAε, RAε, SEPε, LAsSR, RAsSR, SEPsSR found to be significantly lower than in the control group (LAε: 2.61%±0.13, 3.06%±0.19 vs 6.45%±0.27, p<0.0001; RAε: 4.03%±0.38, 4.50%±0.47 vs 10.12%±0.64, p<0.0001; SEPε: 3.0%±0.22, 3.19%±0.15 vs 6.23%±0.49, p<0.0001; LAsSR: 0.61±0.04s-1, 0.75±0.04s- 1 vs 1.35±0.04s-1, p<0.0001; RAsSR: 1.13±0.06s-1, 1.23±0.07s-1 vs 2.10±0.08s- 1, p<0.0001; SEPsSR: 0.76±0.04s- 1, 0.78±0.04s- 1 vs 1.42±0.06 s- 1, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Atrial strain and strain rate parameters are superior to conventional echocardiographic parameters for the evaluation of atrial stunning in AF cases where SR has been achieved.


Resumo Fundamento: A fibrilação atrial (FA) é a arritmia mais comum em adultos. Define-se atordoamento atrial como a disfunção mecânica temporária do apêndice atrial que se desenvolve depois de reversão da FA ao ritmo sinusal (RS). Objetivos: Avaliar as funções atriais contráteis através de strain atrial e strain rate em pacientes com FA, após cardioversão farmacológica e elétrica, assim como compará-los com os métodos convencionais. Métodos: Este estudo incluiu 41 pacientes com FA persistente e 35 controles com RS e pareados por idade. Todos os pacientes com FA incluídos neste estudo foram submetidos a ecocardiografia transtorácica e transesofágica antes e após. Strain rates de pico sistólico do septo (SEPsSR), do átrio esquerdo (LAsSR) e do átrio direito (RAsSR) foram definidas como o máximo valor negativo durante contração atrial. Strains de pico sistólico do septo (SEPε), do átrio esquerdo (LAε) e do átrio direito (RAε) foram definidas como porcentagem de mudança. Resultados: No grupo com FA, os parâmetros LAε, RAε, SEPε, LAsSR, RAsSR e SEPsSR da 1a hora e da 24a hora foram significativamente mais baixos que no grupo controle (LAε: 2,61%±0,13; 3,06%±0,19 vs 6,45%±0,27; p<0,0001; RAε: 4,03%±0,38; 4,50%±0,47 vs 10,12%±0,64; p<0,0001; SEPε: 3,0%±0,22; 3,19%±0,15 vs 6,23%±0,49; p<0,0001; LAsSR: 0,61±0,04s-1; 0,75±0,04s-1 vs 1,35±0,04s-1; p<0,0001; RAsSR: 1,13±0,06s-1; 1,23±0,07s-1 vs 2,10±0,08s-1; p<0,0001; SEPsSR: 0,76±0,04s-1; 0,78±0,04s-1 vs 1,42±0,06 s-1; p<0,0001). Conclusão: Os parâmetros strain atrial e strain rate são superiores aos parâmetros ecocardiográficos convencionais para avaliar atordoamento atrial em pacientes com FA que reverteram ao RS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology , Atrial Function/physiology , Myocardial Stunning/physiopathology , Atrial Appendage/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnostic imaging , Stroke Volume/physiology , Systole/physiology , Time Factors , Electric Countershock/methods , Echocardiography , Reproducibility of Results , Myocardial Stunning/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging
4.
Clinics ; 70(1): 18-23, 1/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735861

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The red blood cell distribution width has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In the present study, we assessed the relationship between red cell distribution width values and cardiac troponin I levels in patients admitted with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: We analyzed blood parameters in 251 adult patients who were consecutively admitted to the intensive coronary care unit with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome over a 1-year period. For all patients, a baseline blood sample was collected for routine hematological testing. Cardiac troponin I was measured at baseline and after 6 h. The patients were diagnosed with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina based on the elevation of cardiac troponin I levels. RESULTS: The red cell distribution width was higher in the group with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction compared with the patient group with unstable angina (14.6±1.0 vs 13.06±1.7, respectively; p = 0.006). Coronary thrombus was detected more frequently in the group of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction than in the patients with unstable angina (72% vs 51%, respectively; p = 0.007). Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the prediction of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction based on the red cell distribution width, the area under the curve was 0.649 (95% confidence interval: 0.546-0.753; p = 0.006), suggesting a modest model for the prediction of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction using the red cell distribution width. At a cut-off value of 14%, the sensitivity and specificity of the red cell distribution width were 73% and 59%, respectively. Additionally, the red cell distribution width was positively correlated with cardiac troponin I (r = 0.19; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: A greater baseline red cell distribution width value was associated with ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood , Erythrocyte Indices , Heart Injuries/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Heart Injuries/diagnosis , Logistic Models , Reference Values , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Troponin I/blood
5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 102(3): 253-262, 03/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-705711

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial é o fator de risco mais prevalente e modificável para a fibrilação atrial. A sobrecarga de pressão no átrio esquerdo induz alterações fisiopatológicas que ocasionam alterações na função contrátil e nas propriedades elétricas. Objetivo: Nesse estudo, o objetivo foi avaliar a função do átrio esquerdo em pacientes hipertensos para determinar a associação entre a função atrial esquerda e a fibrilação atrial paroxística (FAP). Método: Foram estudados 57 pacientes hipertensos (idade: 53 ± 4 anos, fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo: 76 ± 6,7%), incluindo 30 pacientes consecutivos com FAP e 30 indivíduos de controle pareados por idade. Os volumes do átrio esquerdo (AE) foram medidos através do método biplano de Simpson modificado. Foram determinados três tipos de volume do AE: volume máximo do AE (AEVmax), contração atrial prematura do AE (AEVpreA) e volume mínimo do AE (AEVmin). Foram calculadas as funções de esvaziamento do AE. Volume total de esvaziamento do AE = AEVmax - AEVmin e a FEtotal do AE = (AEVmax - AEVmin)/AEVmax, volume de esvaziamento passivo do AE = AEVmax-AEVpreA, e a FE do AE = (AEVmax - AEVpreA)/AEVmax, o volume de esvaziamento ativo do AE = AEVpreA- AEVmin e a FE ativa do AE = (AEVpreA - AEVmin)/AEVpreA. Resultados: O período hipertenso é maior no grupo de hipertensos com FAP. O AEVmax aumentou significativamente no grupo de hipertensos com FAP quando comparado ao grupo de hipertensos sem FAP (p = 0,010). A FEAE diminuiu significativamente no grupo de hipertensos com FAP em comparação com o grupo de hipertensos sem FAP (p = 0,020). A' diminuiu no grupo de hipertensos com FAP quando comparado com hipertensos sem FAP (p = 0,044). ...


Background: Hypertension is the most prevalent and modifiable risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The pressure overload in the left atrium induces pathophysiological changes leading to alterations in contractile function and electrical properties. Objective: In this study our aim was to assess left atrial function in hypertensive patients to determine the association between left atrial function with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Method: We studied 57 hypertensive patients (age: 53±4 years; left ventricular ejection fraction: 76±6.7%), including 30 consecutive patients with PAF and 30 age-matched control subjects. Left atrial (LA) volumes were measured using the modified Simpson's biplane method. Three types of LA volume were determined: maximal LA(LAVmax), preatrial contraction LA(LAVpreA) and minimal LA volume(LAVmin). LA emptying functions were calculated. LA total emptying volume = LAVmax−LAVmin and the LA total EF = (LAVmax-LAVmin )/LAVmax, LA passive emptying volume = LAVmax− LAVpreA and the LA passive EF = (LAVmax-LAVpreA)/LAVmax, LA active emptying volume = LAVpreA−LAVmin and LA active EF = (LAVpreA-LAVmin )/LAVpreA. Results: The hypertensive period is longer in hypertensive group with PAF. LAVmax significantly increased in hypertensive group with PAF when compared to hypertensive group without PAF (p=0.010). LAAEF was significantly decreased in hypertensive group with PAF as compared to hypertensive group without PAF (p=0.020). A' was decreased in the hypertensive group with PAF when compared to those without PAF (p = 0.044). Conclusion: Increased LA volume and impaired LA active emptying function was associated with PAF in untreated hypertensive patients. Longer hypertensive period is associated with PAF. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology , Atrial Function, Left/physiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation , Hypertension/complications , Reference Values , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric , Stroke Volume/physiology , Time Factors , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology
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